Malaysian Journal of AnalyticalSciences, Vol 28No 5 (2024): 995 -1002
BIOASSAY-GUIDEDFRACTIONATION OF POTENTIAL ANTIOXIDANT CONSTITUENTS FROM Geniotrigonathoracica PROPOLIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF ITSFLAVONOID COMPOUNDS VIA Q-TOF LCMS
(Pengasingan Sebatian Antioksidan Berpotensi BerpandukanPencerakinan Biologi daripada Propolis Geniotrigona thorasica danPengenalpastian Sebatian Flavonoid
Menggunakan Q-TOF LCMS)
Ainur AwanisMohd Badiazaman1*, Khamsah Suryati Mohd2*, and Wan FitriyyahHanani Wan Kamarul A’rifin2
1Facultyof Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 26400 Bandar Tun Abdul Razak,Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia
2Facultyof Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 22200Besut, Terengganuu, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: khamsahsuryati@unisza.edu.my,ainurawanis@uitm.edu.my
Received: 5 May 2024; Accepted: 9July 2024; Published: 27 October 2024
Abstract
Recently, stingless bee propolis has gainedattention in the food market, mainly due to its pharmacological properties.Previous studies have reported the higher antioxidant properties of Geniotrigona thoracicapropolis extract. In this paper, we report on the bioassay-guided fractionationof the active n-hexane fraction of G. thoracicapropolis and its flavonoid compounds by Quadrupole-Time of Flight LiquidChromatography Mass Spectrometry (Q-TOF LCMS) analysis. Chromatographicseparation of n-hexane fraction was carried out using columnchromatography. Antioxidantactivities were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH)and 2,2’-azinobis (3- ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicalscavenging assays. The identification of flavonoid compounds was carried outusing Q-TOF LCMS analysis. Eleven sub-fractions resulting from thechromatographic separation of n-hexane fraction showed DPPH and ABTSradical scavenging activity with IC50 values ranging from 468.60 to 5.83 µg/mL and 248.30 to 4.00 µg/mL, respectively. Atotal of seven flavonoid, phenolic and anthocyanin compounds were identifiedsuch as naringenin (1), acacetin (2), eriodictyol(3), myricetin (4), chlorogenic acid (5),eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside (6) and cyanidin chloride (7). Most ofthese compounds have been reported to possess antioxidant activity in previousstudies. This indicate that G. thoracicapropolis has potential source of antioxidants for the development of food andnutraceutical products.
Keywords: Geniotrigona thoracica, stingless bee propolis, bioassay-guidedfractionation, flavonoid, Q-TOF LCMS
Abstrak
Kebelakangan ini, propolis lebahkelulut telah menarik perhatian di dalam pasaran makanan, terutamanyadisebabkan oleh sifat famarkologi yang dimilikinya. Kajian terdahulu melaporkansifat antioksidan yang tinggi untuk estrak propolis Geniotrigona thorasica.Dalam kajian ini, kami melaporkan pengasingan sebatian fraksi aktif n-heksanapropolis G. thorasica dan sebatian flavonoidnya melalui analisisSpektrometri Jisim Kromatografi Cecair Penerbangan- Empat Masa (Q-TOF LCMS).Pemisahan kromatografi fraksi n-heksana dilakukan menggunakankromatografi lajur. Aktiviti antioksidan dinilai menggunakan ujian pembebasanradikal bebas 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dan 2,2’-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonik asid) (ABTS)). Pengenalpastian sebatianflavonoid dilakukan menggunakan analisis Q-TOF LCMS. Sebelas sub-fraksidihasilkan daripada pemisahan kromatografi di dalam fraksi n-heksanatelah menunjukkan aktiviti pembebasan radikal bebas DPPH dan ABTS dengan nilaiIC50 masing-masing berjulat antara 468.60 sehingga 5.83 µg/mL dan248.30 sehingga 4.00 µg/mL. Sebanyak tujuh sebatian flavonoid, fenolik danantosianin telah dikenalpasti seperti naringenin (1), asetin (2),eriodiktiol (3), mirisetin (4), asid klorogenik (5),eriodiktiol-7-O-glukosida (6) dan klorida sianidin (7).Kebanyakan sebatian ini telah dilaporkan memiliki aktiviti antioksidan di dalamkajian terdahulu. Ini menunjukkan bahawa propolis G. thorasica merupakansumber potensi antioksidan untuk pembangunan produk makanan dan nutraseutikal.
Kata kunci: Geniotrigona thorasica, propolis lebah kelulut,pencerakinan berpandukan biologi, flavonoid, Q-TOF LCMS
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